Axial Length and Corneal Curvature in Anisometropic Amblyopia in Nepalese Children

Background: Purpose/Aim: To assess ocular parameters in Nepalese children with severe anisometropic amblyopia. Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study conducted in a tertiary eye center in Nepal. Twentyone children aged 7-12 years with severe anisometropic amblyopia (>3D of anisometropia) were included in the study. Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained. Axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were measured in both the amblyopic and fellow eye, along with detailed anterior and posterior segment evaluation. Results: In anisomyopia, amblyopic eyes had longer axial length than the fellow eyes (p<.05), while in the cases with anisohyperopia, amblyopic eyes had shorter axial lengths than the fellow eyes (p<.05). The difference in corneal astigmatism between the amblyopic and fellow eye in children with anisoastigmatism was clinically and statistically significant (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference between the axial lengths in the amblyopic and the fellow eyes (p=.84). Conclusion: Difference in axial length was responsible for the difference in spherical refractive error in children with anisometropic amblyopia with no significant difference in corneal astigmatism, whereas corneal curvature was the significant factor responsible for amblyopia resulting from anisoastigmatism.